After world war II Niedersachsen became the main colony for millions of refugees from the eastern part of Germany beyond the Oder and Neisse river.
In the early 1950 many people from Ostpreußen settled to the Lüneburg area, as a result of which it was called "Klein- Ostpreußen in der Lüneburger Heide". Beside the hard conditions for survive and recommencement the poor and displaced persons try to preserve their cultural identity.

After 1 year it fell victim to a fire raising. The damage was severe, only a few exponates could be saved. In his novel „Heimatmuseum“ published in 1978, Siegfried Lenz discribed a fire in an eastprussian museum.
Hans- Ludwig Loeffke dies in 1974. Horst Albinus took over the honorary.
In 1981 expansion of the programmatic and renaming to "Ostpreußisches Jagd- und Landesmuseum". In 1982 the Federal Government develloped a principle conception for continuation of the eastgerman culturework which means the foundation of state museums of the eastgermab areas.
In 1985 Dr. Friedrich Jacobs, art- historian, assumed the museum full-time and develloped a concept for a new building together with three academies. Architect ist he german- baltic Dipl.-Ing. Richard Westren- Doll.
1987 opening of the new building with 3000 square meters and the permanent exhibition, nearly finished. The further museumswork is guaranteed by the sponsorship of the Federal Government and the county of Niedersachsen based on §96 BVFG sichergestellt.
1990 the folklorist Dr. Anja Benscheidt becomes the new director.
1991 the historian Dr. Ronny Kabus is he new director.
1994 the founding body of the museum from the association Ostpreußisches Jagd- und Landesmuseum e. V. passes over to the Ostpreußische Kulturstiftung
2005 - Dr. Jörn Barfod, art historian and current deputy replaced the director.
2009 - Dr. Joachim Mähnert, historian, fills the position of director which had been vacant for several years.
Under the resolution of a new museums concept the intrigation of a german baltic departement is decided by the foundation board. In 2008 the building in Heiligengeiststr. 38 in Lüneburg was purchased to expand the museum with german baltic departement.
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